Read all the points in the reference and discuss with your group about Indonesian diglossia. The conclusion of your discussion should be posted in this space.
In linguistics, diglossia is a situation where, in a given society, there are two (often closely-related) languages, one of high prestige, which is generally used by the government and in formal texts, and one of low prestige, which is usually the spoken vernacular tongue. The high-prestige language tends to be the more formalised, and its forms and vocabulary often 'filter down' into the vernacular, though often in a changed form. As an aspect of study of the relationships between codes and social structure, diglossia is an important concept in the field of sociolinguistics.More...
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The result of discussion from the third group about the question of number fourt (4) and six (6) as follows :
1. What is linguistics items?
- According to Noam Comsky (1965): said that linguistic items are lexical item, rules of various kinds (for combining the pronounciations and meanings of these lexical items in sentences), and constraints of various kinds on these rules.
2. The example of speech community
- For example:
a gay Jewish waiter would likely speak and be spoken to differently when interacting with gay peers, Jewish peers, or his co-workers. If he found himself in a situation with a variety of in-group and/or out-group peers, he would likely modify his speech to appeal to speakers of all the speech communities represented at that moment.
BY THE THIRD GROUP :
1. RUSDI S
2. RAHMAN
3. RUSMIATI
4. ANDI SUHAEMA DARPAN
5. SRI ARYANI
6. SYAMSIAH HS
7. YUSNI
According to our group discussion result that:
As matter of fact, Vernacular as a low prestige is used in non formal situation in society, because it is used only in the scope of certain community. As like Makassareses, they use it in their own community as a tool of their communication. While Indonesia as a high prestige that is formed by the government as a formal language. There are advantage and disadvantage if diglosia is divided into two parts of prestige language in Indonesia. Indonesia is used as a united language to communicate easily, but not all people can speak Indonesia well, there are still many people cannot speak Indonesia, so it becomes a problem. For distance, persons make misunderstanding if they address something, because they do not understand their language or what they mean one another. The government must look for best solution how to solve this problem.
By the 5th group:
Nur Aliyah Nur
Nurwanti
Rosnani
Siti Nurbaya
Hajarawati
Multazam
ini adalah percobaan
The result of disscussion about Indonesian Diglossia.
Diglossia also called diglossic language situations. It is usually described as consisting of two (or more) varieties that coexist in a speech community; the domains of linguistic behaviour are parcelled out in a kind of complementary distribution. These domains are usually ranked in a kind of hierarchy, from highly valued (H) to less valued (L); when the two varieties are recognized (or tacitly accepted) as genetically related, the H domains are usually the reserve of the more conservative form of the language, which is usually the literary dialect if there is a written form. `Formal' domains such as public speaking, religious texts and practice, education, and other prestigious kinds of usage are dominated by the H norm; the L norm is used for informal conversation, jokes, street and market, the telephone, and any other domains (e.g. letter writing, cinema, television) not reserved for the H norm. We can also find the example of diglossia in our country. For example, Indonesian language as Highly valued (H) which is learned formally in the school and it is also used in formal situation such as in the meeting of government, the speech, and etc. Beside that, Indonesian language also can be as less valued (L) which is used in daily conversation or informal situation.
As what also Ferguson said about "Diglossia" in the journal word (1959).He stated that diglossia is a kind of bilingualism in a given society in which one of the language has high prestige and another has low prestige. If take this concept into indonesian language social context where the languages exist in it is very much, it's rather quite difficult to claims people who use language except indonesia has low prestige. The reason is that, many people belief language is part of culture or the existance of culture, to make stand still of the culture language production is the key. It means we using our language we surviving our culture. The concept of diglossia reffering to indonesian social context rather enough as distinguishing formal from informal situation, people may use indonesia as in formal and vernacular tongue in informal situation
Created By:
Rusdi
Rahman
Rusmiati
Syamsiah HS
Yusni
A. Suhaema Darpan
Sri Ariani
According to our group that diglossia means that bilingual community in which two or more languages or dialects are used differently according to differenciation social. Diglossia can be describe into two: High Prestige and Low Prestige laguage. Hight prestige language is a standard language given by goverment as united language in communication amoung all societies, but unfortunatelly not all society can use this high prestige language well as a tool of communication. Anyhow, people need to interract each other and the alternative way to communicate, when they cannot use the standard language, is that they use their lokal language, this noted as Low Prestige Language in which the local language use to communicate in certain community. Low Prestige Language is also known as informal language. We can take example of diglossia in indonesia as follows: Indonesian language is High prestige language while makassarese language, javanese language, etc. Are Low prestige language. Indonesian language is High Prestige language becouse it is a standard laguage and known by all people in indonesia, while makassarese language, javanese languagd, etc only known and used by certain community in certain area.
What do you think about diglossia in indonesia?
Diglossia is situation where, in a society, there two languages, one of high prestige, which is generally used by the government and informal texts,and one of low prestige which is usually the spoken vernacular tongue.
Based on the result of the second group discussion, we are from the second group concluded that:
Digglossia can be devided into two kinds, they are:
1.High prestige that refers to their informal style language spoken.
2. Low prestige that refers to the casual style language spoken whereas, the term of prestige means that, respectation in a society in using language.
In Indonesian context, Indonesian language is high prestige, because it is a nayional language, it is viewed more high prestige when speaking with society from another city that different local language. While, local language for each city in Indonesia is viewed as low prestige because just certain society know the local language that exist in Indonesia.
But somtime, the high prestige ( Indonesian language) being low prestige. Example: When The Makassar governoor socilize with the local society, so the local language or Makassareses being high prestige that Indinesian language.
Our conclusion here is not all Indonesian language being high prestige and not all a local language being low prestige.
SENT BY THE SECOND GROUP:
MUTMAINNAH
NASIRUDIN
NUR IRYANTI
HARIANTI
UFRAH
SAIFUDDIN
SURATMISROHTIN
YULIANA
Diglossia is composed of two languages (bilingualism):
a. High Prestige (Formal Language)
High prestige language is a language that often used by formal style.
b. Loe Prestige (non-formal language)
Low prestige usually used in informal situation.
There are two consideration to use high prestige language. First, we use it in formal situation. Second, we consider with whom we are talking to.
For Example: when we are in the teaching process, we will use more formal language than informal language, we interact with teacher often using formal language. On the contrary, when we speak with our friend or person younger than us in informal situation, we often use informal language or low prestige language.
Low prestige is often used to build intimacy between one person to another. Because it is non-formal language, people feel enjoy and relax when dealing with people.
The Fourth Group:
1. Syamsul Arief Ghalib
2. Muthi’ah
3. Qadriana
4. Nurmila
5. Rasnianti
6. Suharni
7. Hasbi
Diglossia is composed of two languages (bilingualism):
a. High Prestige (Formal Language)
High prestige language is a language that often used by formal style.
b. Loe Prestige (non-formal language)
Low prestige usually used in informal situation.
There are two consideration to use high prestige language. First, we use it in formal situation. Second, we consider with whom we are talking to.
For Example: when we are in the teaching process, we will use more formal language than informal language, we interact with teacher often using formal language. On the contrary, when we speak with our friend or person younger than us in informal situation, we often use informal language or low prestige language.
Low prestige is often used to build intimacy between one person to another. Because it is non-formal language, people feel enjoy and relax when dealing with people.
The Fourth Group:
1. Syamsul Arief Ghalib
2. Muthi’ah
3. Qadriana
4. Nurmila
5. Rasnianti
6. Suharni
7. Hasbi
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